The spatial evolution of plasma filaments in air induced by femtosecond laser pulses is investigated experimentally. Several major filaments and small scaled additional filaments are detected in the plasma channel. The complicated interaction process of filaments as splitting, fusion and spreading is observed. The major filaments propagate stably, and the small scaled additional filaments can be attracted to the major filaments and merged with them. The major filaments are formed due to the perturbation of initial beam profile and the small scaled filaments are mainly caused by the transverse modulational instability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opex.14.000773 | DOI Listing |
Arch Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Treponema denticola, a bacterium that forms a "red complex" with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia, is associated with periodontitis, pulpitis, and other oral infections. The major surface protein (Msp) is a surface glycoprotein with a relatively well-established overall domain structure (N-terminal, central and C-terminal regions) and a controversial tertiary structure. As one of the key virulence factors of T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Renal Physiol
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University. Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine.
Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected human glomeruli has suggested novel molecular signatures associated with MN by revealing several genes differentially upregulated in MN compared to other glomerular diseases. We focused on a novel protein, Family with sequence similarity 114 member A1 (FAM114A1) that was identified as the top classifier gene in the dataset. To determine the localization of FAM114A1 within glomeruli, we performed immunofluorescence (IF) staining on normal human kidney specimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bacteriol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Unlabelled: Type IV pili (T4P) are important virulence factors that allow bacteria to adhere to and rapidly colonize their hosts. T4P are primarily composed of major pilins that undergo cycles of extension and retraction and minor pilins that initiate pilus assembly. Bacteriophages use T4P as receptors and exploit pilus dynamics to infect their hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Genet
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a protein-rich structure essential for meiotic recombination and faithful chromosome segregation. Acting like a zipper to paired homologous chromosomes during early prophase I, the complex is a symmetrical structure where central elements are connected on two sides by the transverse filaments to the chromatin-anchoring lateral elements. Despite being found in most major eukaryotic taxa implying a deeply conserved evolutionary origin, several components of the complex exhibit unusually high rates of sequence turnover.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPaxillin (PXN) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are two major components of the focal adhesion complex, a multiprotein structure linking the intracellular cytoskeleton to the cell exterior. PXN interacts directly with the C-terminal targeting domain of FAK (FAT) via its intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain. This interaction is necessary and sufficient for localizing FAK to focal adhesions.
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