[3D representation of skull and soft tissues. Usefulness in orthodontic and orthognathic surgery].

Three D Modeling of the human face. The method combines the use of DICOM CT scan or cone beam data, anatomical informations and a mathematical tool, the axes of inertia, in order to create a 3D model for cephalometric analysis of the human face. The balance and symmetry of the model are stable enough to define normality for each individual, even when there are differences in ethnic and cultural origins. Imbalance and asymmetry characterize pathologies. Follow up shape and size of models allow growth prediction and modeling. An original statistical study of the 3D model variability using the "geometry morphometrics method" (GMM) is introduced. This 3D model is in the process of becoming an indispensable reference for all of those who are interested in studying the human face such as Orthodontists, Surgeons, Anatomists, Anthropologists and Forensic Medical Practitioners.