Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are pluripotent and mostly reside in the bone marrow. Recent experimental studies on the stem cells grafting in the treatment of ischemic cerebral vascular disease have shown that BMSCs can improve neurologic impairment. As the sources of neural stem cells, they have broad prospects to be used in the treatment of ischemic cerebral vascular disease. In this review, we focus on the biological feature of BMSCs, the feasibility of transplantation, the use of BMSCs in ischemic cerebral vascular disease, and the mechanism of their action.
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