Diel studies of an Emiliania huxleyi bloom within a mesocosm revealed a highly dynamic associated viral community, changing on small times scales of hours.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp027 | DOI Listing |
Front Vet Sci
November 2024
Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States.
Prevention of transmission of African swine fever virus (ASFV) through contaminated feed ingredients and complete feed is an important component of biosecurity protocols for global feed supply chains. Use of extended storage times for feed ingredients has become a popular and emerging mitigation strategy that may allow partial inactivation of ASFV before manufacturing swine feeds. However, the effectiveness of this strategy is unclear because limited studies have been conducted using diverse methodologies and insufficiently sensitive measures of virus viability of only a few types of feed matrices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
November 2024
Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
Identifying mechanisms driving the substantial dissolution of biogenic CaCO (60 to 80%) in surface and mesopelagic waters of the global ocean is critical for constraining the surface ocean's alkalinity and inorganic carbon budgets. We examine microzooplankton grazing on coccolithophores, photosynthetic calcifying algae responsible for a majority of open-ocean CaCO production, as a mechanism driving shallow dissolution. We show that microzooplankton grazing dissolves 92 ± 7% of ingested coccolith calcite, which may explain 50 to 100% of the observed CaCO dissolution in supersaturated surface waters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Environ
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
The marine microalga Emiliania huxleyi is widely distributed in the surface oceans and is prone to infection by coccolithoviruses that can terminate its blooms. However, little is known about how global change factors like solar UV radiation (UVR) and ocean warming affect the host-virus interaction. We grew the microalga at 2 temperature levels with or without the virus in the presence or absence of UVR and investigated the physiological and transcriptional responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
December 2024
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, UK.
Molecular mechanisms driving species-specific environmental sensitivity in coccolithophores are unclear but crucial in understanding species selection and adaptation to environmental change. This study examined proteomic and physiological changes in three species under varying pH conditions. We showed that changing pH drives intracellular oxidative stress and changes membrane potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
December 2024
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nakhimovski prosp., Moscow 117997, Russia.
Based on a database containing species records obtained from 1948 to 2022 and a hydrochemical database, long-term changes in the biomass and taxonomic structure of phytoplankton in the deep-sea basin of the Black Sea were analysed in the stratified period from April to October. Over 75 years, a significant increase in concentration of nitrate, a weak increase in phosphate and a strong decrease in dissolved silicate were observed in the nutricline. The biomass of diatoms and total phytoplankton increased several times during the peak of eutrophication in 1991-1993, then decreased by the 2000s and has again shown an increasing trend in the last 15 years.
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