We experimentally demonstrate a novel grating which only produces reflection with mode conversion in a two-mode waveguide. That characteristic can improve the performance of optical devices that currently use tilted Bragg gratings to provide the mode conversion. Tilted Bragg gratings produce also reflections without mode conversion which increases noise and crosstalk of the optical device.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opex.13.004180 | DOI Listing |
FEBS J
December 2024
Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT, EC 2.1.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
December 2024
Hunan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, and School of Physics and Optoelectronic, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China.
Photocatalysis has garnered significant attention as a sustainable approach for energy conversion and environmental management. 2D black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as a highly promising semiconductor photocatalyst owing to its distinctive properties. However, inherent issues such as rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes severely impede the photocatalytic efficacy of single BP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaos
December 2024
The Medical Big Data Research Center and The School of Mathematics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
Glutamate (Glu) is a crucial excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system that transmits brain information by activating excitatory receptors on neuronal membranes. Physiological studies have demonstrated that abnormal Glu metabolism in astrocytes is closely related to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The astrocyte metabolism processes mainly involve the Glu uptake through astrocyte EAAT2, the Glu-glutamine (Gln) conversion, and the Glu release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, CHINA.
Photocatalytic nitrogen (N2) fixation over semiconductors has always suffered from poor conversion efficiency owing to weak N2 adsorption and the difficulty of N≡N triple bond dissociation. Herein, a Co single-atom catalyst (SAC) model with a C-defect-evoked CoP4 distorted configuration was fabricated using a selective phosphidation strategy, wherein P-doping and C defects co-regulate the local electronic structure of Co sites. Comprehensive experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that the distorted CoP4 configuration caused a strong charge redistribution between the Co atoms and adjacent C atoms, minimizing their electronegativity difference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
December 2024
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
For the clarification of dynamics of photogenerated carriers in practical organic solar cell devices, we have developed a methodology to simultaneously acquire reflection-mode transient optical absorption (ΔA) and transient electric current (Δi) signals. For a typical polythiophene:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cell device, both the ΔA and Δi signals due to the photogenerated carriers are characterized by the power-law decays of ∝t-α, which are interpreted by detrapping-limited recombination at earlier times than ∼1 μs and trap-free diffusion/drift at later times. Furthermore, we have succeeded in observing switching of the power index α for ΔA signals as well as for Δi signals; the time at which switching occurs indicates the extraction of carriers by electrodes (transit times).
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