AI Article Synopsis
- Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on cell surfaces have expanded their sensing capabilities to recognize a wider variety of pathogens like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, as well as internal damage signals from host cells.
- This increased flexibility in what TLRs can detect is supported by their physical structure, other innate immune receptors, and various molecular processes in the body.
- These advancements highlight the intricate and adaptable nature of the innate immune system's response to threats and tissue damage.
Article Abstract
The expansion of sensing function by cell surface Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has grown to include not only more diverse viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoan surface components, but also a plethora of endogenous molecules arising from host cell and tissue damage as well as the inflammatory response itself. This flexibility in recognition is accommodated not only by physical and structural features of the TLRs themselves, but also by additional innate immune receptors, soluble molecules and subcellular trafficking mechanisms. These events have begun to reveal a remarkable plasticity and complexity within this critical arm of the host innate immune system.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2009.05.003 | DOI Listing |
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