We present a new integral equation method for calculating the electromagnetic modes of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) waveguides. Our formulation can easily handle PCFs with arbitrary hole geometries and irregular hole distributions, enabling optical component manufacturers to optimize hole designs as well as assess the effect of manufacturing defects. The method produces accurate results for both the real and imaginary parts of the propagation constants, which we validated through extensive convergence analysis and by comparison with previously published results.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opex.12.003791 | DOI Listing |
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
January 2025
Valleywise Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Background: Missed clinic appointments disproportionately affect Medicaid-insured patients and residents of socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods. The role of the recent telemedicine expansion in reducing these disparities is unclear. We analyzed the relationship between census tract (CT) poverty level, residential segregation, missed appointments, and the role of telemedicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
January 2025
Deparment of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
Systems biology tackles the challenge of understanding the high complexity in the internal regulation of homeostasis in the human body through mathematical modelling. These models can aid in the discovery of disease mechanisms and potential drug targets. However, on one hand the development and validation of knowledge-based mechanistic models is time-consuming and does not scale well with increasing features in medical data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFR Soc Open Sci
January 2025
Institute for Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8005 Zürich, Switzerland.
An open question in epidemiology is why transmission is often overdispersed, meaning that most new infections are driven by few infected individuals. For example, around 10% of COVID-19 cases cause 80% of new COVID-19 cases. This overdispersion in parasite transmission is likely driven by intrinsic heterogeneity among hosts, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcology
January 2025
Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA.
Disease is a key driver of community and ecosystem structure, especially when it strikes foundation species. In the widespread marine foundation species eelgrass (Zostera marina), outbreaks of wasting disease have caused large-scale meadow collapse in the past, and the causative pathogen, Labyrinthula zosterae, is commonly found in meadows globally. Research to date has mainly focused on abiotic environmental drivers of seagrass wasting disease, but there is strong evidence from other systems that biotic interactions such as herbivory can facilitate plant diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytomedicine
January 2025
Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, and International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. Electronic address:
Background: The concept of a Quality marker (Q-marker) has emerged as a crucial tool for ensuring the safety and efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas. However, significant challenges remained in the identification and practical application of Q-marker, particularly due to the scarcity of reference standards.
Purpose: This study aimed to achieve a multidimensional integration of chemical profiling, target tissue distribution and in vivo high-throughput screening model to effectively identify the Q-marker of Shensong Yangxin Capsule (SSYX) and propose a linear substitution strategy for the quantification of multiple components.
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