We present a study of the large numerical aperture and high capture efficiency in a class of microstructured optical fibers, also called ???air-clad??? fibers. We employ a recently developed method where the leaky modes supported by a waveguide are used to determine the far-field angular intensity distributions. These distributions are subsequently used to calculate the capture efficiency and numerical aperture. Their dependence on length, wavelength, bridge thickness and number of layers is presented. Based on the physical insights provided by the analysis, two simplified heuristic models are presented which are valid for either single layer or multiple layer fibers. They show good agreement with the full numerical calculations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opex.12.003224 | DOI Listing |
J Food Sci Technol
January 2025
CIFF, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bellary Road, Bengaluru, 560030 India.
The kinetics, oil migration pattern and the role of frying media during immersion frying of '', a dairy dessert, at the microstructural level were studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). After 6 min of frying, the depth of oil migration in increased from 0 to 3.16 mm in clarified butter (locally called '') and 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
AU-Sophisticated Testing and Instrumentation Centre (AU-STIC), CoE-Advanced Materials Synthesis (CoE-AMS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alliance School of Applied Engineering, Alliance University, Bengaluru, 562106, India.
A consistent research attempt to develop newer lightweight-high strength materials facilitates the automobile sector to excel in product efficiency. The present research is another endeavour to anchor the automobile industries by exploring novel composite. The different earth elements SiC and YO are utilised for the hybrid reinforcement of Al 5052 alloy in four different weight proportions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
January 2025
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Vienna 1090, Austria.
Particle-tracking microrheology probes the rheology of soft materials by accurately tracking an ensemble of embedded colloidal tracer particles. One-particle analysis, which focuses on the trajectory of individual tracers is ideal for homogeneous materials that do not interact with the particles. By contrast, the characterization of heterogeneous, micro-structured materials or those where particles interact directly with the medium requires a two-particle analysis that characterizes correlations between the trajectories of distinct particle pairs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Nankai University Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Reproducing the microstructure of the natural cornea remains a significant challenge in achieving the mechanical and biological functionality of artificial corneas. Therefore, the development of cascade structures that mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), achieving both macro-stability and micro-structure, is of critical importance. This study proposes a novel, efficient, and general photo-functionalization strategy for modifying natural biomaterials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Eye Res
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
The study aimed to compare the effects of different types of excimer laser keratectomy on rabbit corneas and to identify the optimal disease model for corneal ectasia. Additionally, investigating the structural and molecular alterations in the novel disease model helped explore the mechanisms underlying biomechanical cues in corneal ectasia. 2.
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