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Combined PARP14 inhibition and PD-1 blockade promotes cytotoxic T cell quiescence and modulates macrophage polarization in relapsed melanoma.
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Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Background: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) signaling blockade by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) effectively restores immune surveillance to treat melanoma. However, chronic interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-induced immune homeostatic responses in melanoma cells contribute to immune evasion and acquired resistance to ICI. Poly ADP ribosyl polymerase 14 (PARP14), an IFNγ-responsive gene product, partially mediates IFNγ-driven resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWild-type bone marrow cells repopulate tissue resident macrophages and reverse the impacts of homozygous CSF1R mutation.
PLoS Genet
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Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia.
Adaptation to existence outside the womb is a key event in the life of a mammal. The absence of macrophages in rats with a homozygous mutation in the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (Csf1r) gene (Csf1rko) severely compromises pre-weaning somatic growth and maturation of organ function. Transfer of wild-type bone marrow cells (BMT) at weaning rescues tissue macrophage populations permitting normal development and long-term survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecovery and Degradation Drive Changes in the Dispersal Capacity of Stream Macroinvertebrate Communities.
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Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.
Freshwater ecosystems face significant threats, including pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, and climate change. To address these challenges, management strategies and restoration efforts have been broadly implemented. Across Europe, such efforts have resulted in overall improvements in freshwater biodiversity, but recovery has stalled or failed to occur in many localities, which may be partly caused by the limited dispersal capacity of many species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn introduction to antibacterial materials in composite restorations.
JADA Found Sci
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Division of Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
The longevity of direct esthetic restorations is severely compromised because of, among other things, a loss of function that comes from their susceptibility to biofilm-mediated secondary caries, with being the most prevalent associated pathogen. Strategies to combat biofilms range from dental compounds that can disrupt multispecies biofilms in the oral cavity to approaches that specifically target caries-causing bacteria such as . One strategy is to include those antibacterial compounds directly in the material so they can be available long-term in the oral cavity and localized at the margin of the restorations, in which many of the failures initiate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvolvement of nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2) in estrogen-induced repression of arcuate Kiss1 expression in female rats.
J Reprod Dev
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Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) kisspeptin neurons are considered the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator in rats. In virgin rats, the expression of the ARC kisspeptin gene (Kiss1) is repressed by proestrous levels of estradiol-17β (high E2) but not by diestrous levels of E2 (low E2). In lactating rats, ARC Kiss1 expression is repressed by low E2 during late lactation.
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