Objective: To choose the best retraction agent for the clinic by evaluating cytotoxic effects of six chemical retraction agents on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) in vitro.
Methods: HGF were treated with six chemical retraction agents which included 20% Al2(SO4)3, 5% Al2(SO4)3, 15.5% Fe2(SO4)3, 13.3% Fe2(SO4)3, 0.1% HCl-epinephrine and 0.01% HCl-epinephrine. The damage of direct contact and proliferation inhibit were observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay, the ultra structure was observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Results: All of chemical retraction agents caused cell damage and proliferation inhibit. The ability of cytotoxic effect increased in an order of 0.01% HCl-epinephrine<0.1% HCl-epinephrine<5% Al2(SO4)3<20% Al2(SO4)3
Conclusion: 0.01% HCl-epinephrine was the least toxic gingival retraction agents, 13.3% Fe2(SO4)3 and 15.5% Fe2(SO4)3 are found to have the strongest cytotoxic effect on cell cultures.
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