Snake venoms are a rich natural source of bioactive molecules, such as peptides, proteins and enzymes, more and more used in biomedical research in diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The protein components of snake venoms belong to diverse families such as serine proteases, phospholipases, disintegrins, metalloproteinases and C-type lectins. Due to their effects on various receptors such as GPIb, GPVI, alpha2beta1..., the C-type lectins were considered, in first time, as modulators of the platelet aggregation. Recently, some of them have been described for their anti-tumoral potential effect due to their capacity to inhibit adhesion, migration, proliferation and invasion of different cancer cell lines. Also, the C-type lectins have a powerful antiangiogenic effect in vivo and in vitro by interacting with integrins of endothelial cells.
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PLoS One
January 2025
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Science Directorate, Livermore, CA, United States of America.
Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is a painful joint disease characterized by the degradation of bone, cartilage, and other connective tissues in the joint. PTOA is initiated by trauma to joint-stabilizing tissues, such as the anterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus, or by intra-articular fractures. In humans, ~50% of joint injuries progress to PTOA, while the rest spontaneously resolve.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Background: Condensed extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets (PNNs) preferentially enwrap the soma and stabilize proximal synapses of parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons in the cortex, serving as a protective barrier against neurotoxins. While PNN structural integrity declines in the healthy aging brain, this reduction is exacerbated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the 5xFAD mouse model of amyloidosis, the elimination of microglia prevents reductions in PNN, suggesting microglia are responsible for the over-degradation of PNNs observed in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Background: Kv1.3 channels are promising therapeutic targets to modulate neuroinflammatory responses in neurodegenerative disease including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the ability of Kv1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunol Rev
January 2025
W. M. Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Natural killer (NK) cells are essential elements of the innate immune response against tumors and viral infections. NK cell activation is governed by NK cell receptors that recognize both cellular (self) and viral (non-self) ligands, including MHC, MHC-related, and non-MHC molecules. These diverse receptors belong to two distinct structural families, the C-type lectin superfamily and the immunoglobulin superfamily.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Postgraduate Program in Sciences Applied to Hematology, State University of Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista, 3578-Flores, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Polymorphisms in the MBL2 gene exon 1 can decrease serum levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), increasing the risk of infection in immunocompromised individuals. This study evaluated the association between the polymorphism in exon 1 of the MBL2 gene, genotypes, serum MBL levels, and infection in 122 patients with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). The MBL*A allele exhibited the highest frequency (0.
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