The molybdenum-based monoaryloxide monopyrrolide (MAP) species, Mo(NAd)(CHCMe(2)Ph)(C(4)H(4)N)(HIPTO) (2a), which contains "small" imido (Ad = 1-adamantyl) and "large" aryloxide (HIPTO = O-2,6(2,4,6-i-Pr(3)C(6)H(2))C(6)H(3)) ligands, catalyzes Z-selective metathesis reactions as a consequence of intermediate metallacyclobutane species not being able to have an (anti) substituent pointing toward the HIPTO group. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of dicarbomethoxynorbornadiene (DCMNBD) with 2% 2a in toluene leads to >99% cis and >99% syndiotactic poly(DCMNBD), while ROMP of cyclooctene and 1,5-cyclooctadiene (300 equiv) with initiator 2a leads to poly(cyclooctene) and poly(cyclooctadiene) that have cis contents of >99%; all are previously unknown microstructures. Z-Selectivity is also observed in the metathesis of cis-4-octene and cis-3-hexene by initiator 2a to give cis-3-heptene.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja902738u | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes is a powerful approach to the synthesis of disubstituted alkenes. However, its application is largely unexplored in the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, which are common among synthetic intermediates and biologically active molecules. The thermodynamically less stable -isomers of activated alkenes have been particularly challenging to access because of their propensity for isomerization and the paucity of reliable -selective hydroalkylation methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2024
Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.
The Z-alkene geometry is prevalent in various chemical compounds, including numerous building blocks, fine chemicals, and natural products. Unfortunately, established Mo, W, and Ru Z-selective catalysts lose their selectivity at high temperatures required for industrial processes like reactive distillation, which limits their synthetic applications. To address this issue, we develop a catalyst capable of providing Z-alkenes with high selectivity under harsh conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
October 2024
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
The challenging synthesis of thermodynamic-unfavored cis-olefins through catalytic cross-coupling reactions requires the synergistic interaction of substrate-activating units and configuration-regulating catalysts. Successfully hitting these two birds with one stone, we herein develop a convenient photoredox access to Z-alkenes from alkynes and light alkanes with a bifunctional iron-catalyzed system possessing both C(sp)-H activation and configuration-controlling abilities. The protocol exhibits 100% atom utilization, mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and compatibility with multitudinous functional groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
October 2024
Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
The isomerization of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes through 1,3-hydrogen shift is an atom-efficient route for synthesizing trisubstituted alkenes, which are important moieties in many natural products, pharmaceuticals, and organic materials. However, this reaction often encounters regio- and stereoselectivity challenges, typically yielding /-mixtures of the alkene products or thermodynamically favored ()-alkenes. Herein, we report the ()-selective isomerization of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes to trisubstituted ()-alkenes via the regio- and stereospecific activation of an allylic C-H bond.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Catal
August 2024
Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163-AC, Wien A-1060, Austria.
A stereo- and regioselective Mn(I)-catalyzed hydroboration of terminal alkynes with pinacolborane (HBPin) is described. The hydroboration reaction is highly -selective in the case of aryl alkynes and -selective in the case of aliphatic alkynes. The reaction requires no additives or solvents and proceeds with a catalyst loading of 1 mol % at 50-70 °C.
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