Imaging appearance of granulomatous disease after intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment of bladder carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of our study is to present the radiographic findings in a series of 16 patients with complications associated with intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment of bladder cancer.

Conclusion: Intravesical BCG-related complications such as granulomatous disease may show imaging findings mimicking primary or metastatic tumors in patients with bladder cancer. Radiologists should consider this possibility when imaging abnormalities are encountered in bladder cancer patients treated with intravesical BCG so that appropriate management can be administered and unnecessary procedures avoided.