AI Article Synopsis
- - The study assessed how effectively solar photo-Fenton can degrade the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in both distilled and seawater, finding that seawater significantly hampers degradation and mineralization.
- - While increasing iron concentration had a minimal effect on SMX degradation, raising hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels in distilled water reduced SMX toxicity substantially, though this was not the case in seawater.
- - The research suggests that the toxic byproducts formed during SMX degradation differ between distilled and seawater, as indicated by contrasting bioassay results with Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri.
Article Abstract
In this work, the photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by solar photo-Fenton at pilot plant scale was evaluated in distilled water (DW) and in seawater (SW). Degradation and mineralization of SMX were strongly hindered in SW compared to DW. The influence of H(2)O(2) and iron concentration on the efficiency of the photocatalytic process was evaluated. An increase in iron concentration from 2.6 to 10.4 mg L(-1) showed only a slight improvement in SMX degradation and mineralization. However, an increase in H(2)O(2) concentration up to 120 mg L(-1) during photo-Fenton in DW decreased SMX solution toxicity from 85% to 20%, according to results of Daphnia magna bioassays. The same behaviour was not observed after photo-Fenton treatment in SW. Despite 45% mineralization in SW, toxicity increased from 16% to 86% as shown by Vibrio fischeri bioassays, which suggests that the intermediates generated in SW are different from those in DW. A SMX degradation pathway during the photo-Fenton treatment in DW is proposed.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.006 | DOI Listing |
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