This commentary considers some of the factors that affect cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with traumatic brain injury. A study recently reported in Critical Care suggested a blood glucose range that may optimize cerebral glucose utilization; the findings of this study are evaluated and discussed. Some of the mechanisms of cerebral glucose control are explored, including the impact of intensive insulin therapy on cerebral metabolism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc7753 | DOI Listing |
iScience
January 2025
The Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine University of Gothenburg Sweden, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Mice with genetic ablation of PI3Kγ are protected from diet-induced obesity. However, the cell type responsible for PI3Kγ action in obesity remains unknown. We generated mice with conditional deletion of PI3Kγ in neurons using the nestin promoter to drive the expression of the Cre recombinase (PI3Kγ mice) and investigated their metabolic phenotype in a model of diet-induced obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports Med Health Sci
March 2025
Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei City, Taiwan, China.
Constipation is correlated with diminished cognitive function, revealing a possible rectum-brain connection. In this counter-balanced crossover trial, 13 elite triathletes underwent a Stroop test to assess cognitive function and executive control. The Stroop test was conducted both with and without magnesium oxide intake, with a 1-week washout period between sessions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Behav Immun Health
February 2025
Laboratory of Immuno-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET-Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina.
Pancreatic β-cells are specialized in secreting insulin in response to circulating nutrients, mainly glucose. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent endocrine-metabolic diseases characterized by an imbalance in glucose homeostasis, which result mainly from lack of insulin production (type 1 diabetes) or insufficient insulin and peripheral insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes), both influenced by genetic and environmental components. Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and islet inflammation are common characteristics of both types of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Haiyan People's Hospital, Jiaxing City, 314300, Zhejiang Province, China.
Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT-2) inhibitors are a newer class of antidiabetic drugs with the increased risk of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis(EuDKA). Encephalopathy is a rare but life-threatening event of EuDKA. Due to paradoxically normal or slightly elevated serum glucose levels, it's easy to be mimicked by cerebral infarction, structural brain damage, thus leading to delayed diagnosis and causing seriously irreversible brain injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Rev
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, 860-8556, Chuo-ku Kumamoto, Japan.
Indirect bypass using autologous tissue is effective in Moyamoya disease, especially among pediatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of indirect bypass using DuraGen (absorbable artificial dura mater composed of collagen matrix), as a substitute for autologous tissue in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Male Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion and divided into three groups: a control group without bypass surgery, a group wherein indirect bypass was performed using the temporalis muscle (encephalo-myo-synangiosis [EMS] group), and a group wherein DuraGen was used (Dura group).
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