In Italy, the annual incidence of reported cases of listeriosis amounts in recent years (2004 to 2006) to 0.8 case per million inhabitants. Our study is a subtyping analysis by serotyping, ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of 44 human isolates from apparently sporadic cases of infection in the Lombardy region and in the Province of Florence, Italy, in the years 1996 to 2007. Based on the results of the different subtyping methods, 10 occasions were detected when strains of L. monocytogenes with the same subtype were isolated from more than one listeriosis case. A total of 28 (66.7%) of 44 isolates were attributed to molecular subtype clusters. Our data support the use of sensitive molecular approaches to identify and trace L. monocytogenes isolates responsible for foodborne outbreaks of human listeriosis.
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