Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3122
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
An overview about the teaching of pharmacy at the University of Tartu in 1802-1918 is presented based on the exhaustive study of the textbooks used during that period. Textbooks were written by all local pharmacy teachers of the university, some of them (those by Grindel, Giese, Goebel, Dragendorff) were also translated into other languages and used at several universities. The content and structure of the textbook by Giese, printed in six volumes (1808-1811, 2277 pages), is studied in more detail. The structure of these books was a good basis for future pharmaceutical textbooks and to Estonian pharmacy education in general. The textbooks developed at the University of Tartu form also an important connecting link between the German and Russian cultural spaces.
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