We report on the fabrication of shape-controlled microchannels in fused silica by femtosecond laser irradiation at 600 kHz repetition rate followed by chemical etching. The shape control is achieved by suitable wobbling of the glass substrate during the irradiation process. Cylindrical microchannels with uniform cross-sections are demonstrated with an unprecedented length of 4 mm. Some applications are also addressed: connection of two microchannels with a smaller one, 3D microchannel adapter and fabrication of O-grooves for easy fiber-to-waveguide coupling.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.008685 | DOI Listing |
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Indonesia, where traditional herbal treatments like <i>Zanthoxylum acanthopodium</i> (andaliman) are culturally used. Investigating protein biomarkers such as E7, pRb, EGFR and p16 can help assess the efficacy of these treatments. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> There were 5 groups in this study: 2 control groups (C- and C+) and 3 treatment groups (each receiving one of three doses).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPak J Biol Sci
November 2024
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Betta fish is one of the most popular ornamental fish because of their attractive body shape, especially for males. The fish development usually results in a similar number of males and females or an even higher number of females. This study aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of honey and the age of larvae on the sex ratio of Betta fish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutism Res
December 2024
School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
Imbalances in several trace elements related to antioxidant function may lead to autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-related physiological dysfunction. Nonetheless, contradictory results have been found on the connection between these elements and ASD, and studies of their joint effects and interactions have been insufficient. We therefore designed a case-control study of 152 ASD children and 152 age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children to explore the individual and combined associations of manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and selenium (Se) with ASD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
December 2024
Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Background: The increasing number of motor vehicles in Dhaka city is contributing to a rise in air pollution. Prolonged exposure to vehicle emissions has led to various health issues for everyone, but traffic policies might be particularly affected. This study aims to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding air pollution, with the goal of raising awareness and promoting healthier practices to mitigate the adverse effects of pollution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Targeting nuclear mechanics is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy for sensitizing cancer cells to immunotherapy. Inhibition of the mechano-sensory kinase ATR leads to mechanical vulnerability of cancer cells, causing nuclear envelope softness and collapse and activation of the cGAS-STING-mediated innate immune response. Finding novel compounds that interfere with the non-canonical role of ATR in controlling nuclear mechanics presents an intriguing therapeutic opportunity.
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