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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(86)83599-8 | DOI Listing |
Soft Matter
May 2023
Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
We investigate the local fluctuations of filamentous actin (F-actin), with a focus on the skeletal thin filament, using single-particle optical trapping interferometry. This experimental technique allows us to detect the Brownian motion of a tracer bead immersed in a complex fluid with nanometric resolution at the microsecond time-scale. The mean square displacement, loss modulus, and velocity autocorrelation function (VAF) of the trapped microprobes in the fluid follow power-law behaviors, whose exponents can be determined in the short-time/high-frequency regime over several decades.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Dev Biol
November 2022
Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Confined cells migrating through 3D environments are also constrained by the laws of physics, meaning for every action there must be an equal and opposite reaction for cells to achieve motion. Fascinatingly, there are several distinct molecular mechanisms that cells can use to move, and this is reflected in the diverse ways non-muscle myosin II (NMII) can generate the mechanical forces necessary to sustain 3D cell migration. This review summarizes the unique modes of 3D migration, as well as how NMII activity is regulated and localized within each of these different modes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Appl Acarol
July 2022
Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
Demodex canis is an important parasitic mite causing skin lesions in dogs. However, molecular studies on this species are limited because of the lack of transcriptomic data. To obtain functional genes of D.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
June 2022
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
Striated muscle contraction is regulated in a calcium-dependent manner through dynamic motions of the tropomyosin/troponin polymer, a multicomponent complex wrapped around actin-containing thin filaments. Tropomyosin/troponin sterically blocks myosin-binding at low-calcium concentrations but moves to expose myosin-binding sites at high-calcium concentrations leading to force development. Understanding the key intermolecular interactions that define these dynamic motions will promote our understanding of mutation-induced contractile dysfunction that eventually leads to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and skeletal myopathies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochemistry
July 2022
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States.
The structural analysis of large protein complexes has been greatly enhanced through the application of electron microscopy techniques. One such multiprotein complex, the cardiac thin filament (cTF), has cyclic interactions with thick filament proteins to drive contraction of the heart that has recently been the subject of such studies. As important as these studies are, they provide limited or no information on highly flexible regions that in isolation would be characterized as inherently disordered.
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