Kathmandu Metropolitan City has attempted to reorganize its solid waste management a number of times. The German Technical and Financial Aid Organization led early efforts that were followed by a number of more recent experiments that left the city with an unsustainable solid waste management system following the termination of foreign aid. To examine this failure, the research team evaluated household surveys, field observations, interviews, and other primary and secondary information within the context of technical, social, and institutional analyses. The survey results show that the solid waste collection rates are far below the 90% claimed by the metropolis and street sweeping consumes approximately 51% of its solid waste budget. As a result of the relatively low collection rates the city residents are encouraged to dump waste into public lands. Consequently, too much of the city's resources are focused on sweeping rather than collection. Kathmandu needs to recognize informal waste picking, privatize, use local techniques, build capacity, promote bottom-up and participatory styles of management, and regulate policies to maintain solid waste management.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X08094951 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Technol
January 2025
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
In landfill leachates containing complex dissolved organic matter (DOM), the link between individual DOM constituents and their inherent oxidizability is unclear. Here, we resolved the molecular signatures of DOM oxidized by OH/O using FT-ICR MS, thereby elucidating their oxidizability and resistance in concentrated leachates. The comprehensive gradual fragmentation of complex leachate DOM was then revealed through a modified machine-learning framework based on 43 key pathways during ozonation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Biorefinery and Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
Wastewater and livestock waste can be used as a cheap source of nutrients for microalgae growth. In this work, a cocktail waste medium (CWM) was developed using 75% Chhalera municipal wastewater (C-MWW), 25% Parag dairy wastewater (P-DWW), and 15 g L of poultry litter extract (PLE-15) for low-cost cultivation of Chlorella sp. BRE4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China. Electronic address:
The resource utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) has been widely concerned at present. The chlorine removal from MSWI FA is of great significance for controlling environmental risk and improving materials properties in the process of its resource utilization. This work specifically proposes to divide the chlorine in MSWI FA into inorganic chloride and organic chloride.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, University of Padova, Via Trieste, 63, Padova, 35121, Italy; Augmented Intelligence Center, Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Via Santa Croce, 77, Trento, 38122, Italy; Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Via Sommarive, 9, Povo, 38123, Italy.
We explore the application of machine learning (ML) techniques to forecast door-to-door waste collection, addressing the challenges in municipal solid waste (MSW) management. ML models offer a promising solution to optimize waste collection operations, especially amid growing urban populations and evolving waste generation rates. Leveraging comprehensive data from a northeastern Italian municipality, including various waste types, our study investigates ML algorithms' efficacy in predicting household waste collection requirements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag
January 2025
BioEngine Research Team on Green Process Engineering and Biorefineries, Chemical Engineering Department, Université Laval, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot 1065, av. de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, Canada; CentrEau, Centre de recherche sur l'eau, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. Electronic address:
Despite advances in anaerobic digestion (AD), full-scale implementation faces significant challenges, particularly during the start-up phase, where inoculum selection is crucial. This study examines the impact of inoculum choice on the operational and economic performance of thermophilic digesters during the start-up phase. Methanogenic reactors R3 and R4 were inoculated with digested sludge (DiS) and diluted sewage sludge (DSS), respectively, and fed with hydrolyzed source-sorted organic fraction of municipal solid waste (SS-OFMSW) and thickened sewage sludge, which were processed in R1 and R2, serving as acidogenic reactors.
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