Halfway through embryonic development, the epidermis of Drosophila exhibits a gap at the dorsal side covered by an extraembryonic epithelium, the amnioserosa (AS). Dorsal closure (DC) is the process whereby interactions between the two epithelia establish epidermal continuity. Although genetic and biomechanical analysis have identified the AS as a force-generating tissue, we do not know how individual cell behaviours are transformed into tissue movements. To approach this question we have applied a novel image-analysis method to measure strain rates in local domains of cells and performed a kinematic analysis of DC. Our study reveals spatial and temporal differences in the rate of apical constriction of AS cells. We find a slow phase of DC, during which apical contraction of cells at the posterior end predominates, and a subsequent fast phase, during which all the cells engage in the contraction, which correlates with the zippering process. There is a radial gradient of AS apical contraction, with marginal cells contracting earlier than more centrally located cells. We have applied this analysis to the study of mutant situations and associated a particular genotype with quantitative and reproducible changes in the rate of cell contraction and hence in the overall rate of the process. Our mutant analysis reveals the contribution of mechanical elements to the rate and pattern of DC.
Introduction: The severity of electrical injuries depends on the voltage, the duration of exposure to current, and the trajectory of the current through the body. The reconstruction for defects caused by electric current is a difficult process.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the reverse first dorsal metatarsal artery (FDMA) flap in the reconstruction of distal foot injuries caused by electric currents.
Introduction: As research advances in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), large animal models are essential for translational studies related to immune rejection and graft survival. However, procurement of large flaps can cause significant defects, complicating wound closure and increasing postoperative risks. This study details the surgical techniques and outcomes of autologous vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap transplantation and neck flap isolation with induced ischemia in a swine model.
Our objective was to assess the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of dehiscence after foot surgery in diabetic patients. We used pooled patient-level data from two randomised clinical trials with 240 diabetic patients who required foot surgery for infections. Most patients (n = 180, 75.
Genital gender-affirming masculinization surgeries require handling of small vessels and nerves handling in deep planes. Since the introduction of the Symani Surgical System for robotic-assisted microsurgery in clinical practice, its value in handling small and deep vessels via additional distal motion axes, motion scaling, and tremor elimination has been demonstrated. We combined the Symani with the robotic exoscope RoboticScope to achieve maximum flexibility and ergonomics for the microsurgeon.
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process involving various cellular and molecular interactions, resulting in the formation of a collagen-rich scar with imperfect function and morphology. Dermal fibroblasts are crucial to successful wound healing, migrating to the wound site where they are activated to provide extracellular matrix remodeling and wound closure. Peripheral nerves have been shown to play an important role in wound healing, with loss or damage to these nerves often leading to impaired healing and the formation of chronic nonhealing wounds.
