Objective: To investigate the expression of immunomodulating genes in prostate cancer and benign prostatic tissue.
Study Design: We investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, arginase 1, arginase 2, inducible form of nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), programmed death ligand 1 and interleukin 10 in 36 matched pairs of samples from prostate cancer and benign prostatic tissue.
Results: Among the genes analyzed, arginase 2 and COX-2 showed statistically significant up-regulation and down-regulation, respectively, in malignant compared to benign prostate tissue. In addition, arginase 1 was more often present in cancer than benign samples. No significant modulation was detected for the other genes under investigation.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that arginine metabolism may be involved in prostate cancer immune response evasion, whereas COX-2 may play a role in pathogenesis. We provide a snapshot of immunosuppressive gene expression at the transcriptional level in the prostate tumor microenvironment.
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