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Comparing Functional Frailty and Radiographic Sarcopenia as Predictors of Outcomes After Liver Transplant.
Clin Transplant
July 2024
Northwestern University Transplant Outcomes Research Collaborative (NUTORC), Comprehensive Transplant Center (CTC), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Frailty and sarcopenia increase the risk of hospitalization and mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease, making it crucial to identify frail individuals during liver transplant evaluations.
- In a study of 426 liver transplant recipients, 31% were sarcopenic and 25% were considered frail based on the Liver Frailty Index (LFI), with those groups showing longer post-transplant hospital stays.
- While neither frailty nor sarcopenia significantly affected 1-year survival rates, the LFI score was linked to increased mortality, suggesting that physical frailty assessment is a better predictor of outcomes than muscle mass alone.
Wearable sensors in patient acuity assessment in critical care.
Front Neurol
May 2024
Intelligent Clinical Care Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Acuity assessments are vital for timely interventions and fair resource allocation in critical care settings. Conventional acuity scoring systems heavily depend on subjective patient assessments, leaving room for implicit bias and errors. These assessments are often manual, time-consuming, intermittent, and challenging to interpret accurately, especially for healthcare providers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiurnal Pain Classification in Critically Ill Patients using Machine Learning on Accelerometry and Analgesic Data.
IEEE Int Conf Bioinform Biomed Workshops
December 2023
University of Florida/J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gainesville, USA.
Quantifying pain in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) is challenging due to the increased prevalence of communication barriers in this patient population. Previous research has posited a positive correlation between pain and physical activity in critically ill patients. In this study, we advance this hypothesis by building machine learning classifiers to examine the ability of accelerometer data collected from daily wearables to predict self-reported pain levels experienced by patients in the ICU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn intact pituitary vasopressin system is critical for building a robust circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2023
Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The circadian clock is a system that helps regulate biological processes in a roughly 24-hour cycle, primarily influenced by light and other environmental cues.
- In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain acts as the central clock, coordinating the timing of various peripheral clocks in the body for better control of behavior, metabolism, and physiology.
- The study investigates how quickly these clocks adjust to sudden changes in the light-dark cycle, finding that arginine vasopressin pathways are crucial for maintaining clock stability both in the SCN and the anterior pituitary gland.
On the origin and evolution of the dual oscillator model underlying the photoperiodic clockwork in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol
July 2024
Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Decades have now passed since Colin Pittendrigh first proposed a model of a circadian clock composed of two coupled oscillators, individually responsive to the rising and setting sun, as a flexible solution to the challenge of behavioral and physiological adaptation to the changing seasons. The elegance and predictive power of this postulation has stimulated laboratories around the world in searches to identify and localize such hypothesized evening and morning oscillators, or sets of oscillators, in insects, rodents, and humans, with experimental designs and approaches keeping pace over the years with technological advances in biology and neuroscience. Here, we recount the conceptual origin and highlight the subsequent evolution of this dual oscillator model for the circadian clock in the mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus; and how, despite our increasingly sophisticated view of this multicellular pacemaker, Pittendrigh's binary conception has remained influential in our clock models and metaphors.
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