Inflammation and oxidative stress (OxS) play key roles in atherogenesis; however, their causal relationship is not yet completely understood. Much attention has been given to the possibility that inflammation is a primary process of atherosclerosis and that OxS may be a by-product of the inflammatory process. We hypothesized, accordingly, that chronic systemic inflammation affects endothelial vasomotor function in the subclinical condition, whereas oxidative modifications are more involved in the structural stiffening of the arteries in atherosclerosis. The aim of our study was to test this hypothesis. Endothelial function and arterial stiffness were assessed non-invasively by pulse wave analysis, and blood/urinary samples were taken in 39 patients with peripheral arterial disease as well as in 34 controls. The patients showed significantly reduced endothelial function index (EFI) and increased augmentation index (AIx), as well as higher estimated aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and elevated values of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), high sensitivity C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase and urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a (F2-IsoPs). There was an inverse association between EFI and ICAM-1 (R = -0.44, p = 0.009) in the controls, but not in the patients. Augmentation index and estimated aortic PWV correlated with F2-IsoPs only in the patients (R = 0.5, p = 0.001; R = -0.43, p = 0.006, respectively). After controlling for potential confounders, these associations remained significant. The study demonstrates that impairment of endothelial vasomotor capacity is affected by degree of inflammation in the subclinical condition, whereas arterial stiffening is determined by level of oxidative modifications in atherosclerosis.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00365510801930626 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
January 2025
UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Introduction: Cerebrovascular dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of dementia and related neurodegenerative disorders. Recent omics-driven research has revealed associations between vascular abnormalities and transcriptomic alterations in brain vascular cells, particularly endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes (PCs). However, the impact of these molecular changes on dementia remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Plastic Surgery, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, IND.
Pregnancy issues such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are significant contributors to long-term cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in women. Recent research has proved the impact of exercise on improving cardiovascular outcomes, particularly in women with pregnancy-related disorders. This review explores the outcomes of various exercise interventions on cardiovascular health in pregnant women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Res
January 2025
Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
Cutaneous photoaging, induced by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, typically manifests as alterations in both the physical appearance and functional properties of the skin and may predispose individuals to cancer development. Recent studies have demonstrated the reparative potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in addressing skin damage, while specific reports highlight their efficacy in ameliorating skin photoaging. However, the precise role of exosomes derived from human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HFMSC-Exos) in the context of cutaneous photoaging remains largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Mol Med
January 2025
Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease and the primary pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol compound in green tea, has garnered significant attention in recent years for its protective effects against AS. EGCG possesses properties that lower lipid levels, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, enhance plaque stability, and promote the recovery of endothelial function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol
February 2025
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
The media-lumen diameter ratio of small arteries is increased in hypertension, diabetes and obesity. It is likely that both shear stress on the endothelial cells, transmural pressure and smooth muscle cell tone are important for the altered vascular structure. However, the precise interaction and importance of these factors are incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!