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Mapping the HPV Landscape in South African Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Viral Genotypes, Microbiota, and Immune Signals.
Viruses
December 2024
Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence, genotype distribution, and associations with cervicovaginal microbiota and cytokine profiles among South African women, where cervical cancer ranks as the second most common cancer. PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science were searched for studies on HPV infection up to 21 September 2024. The pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model, with subgroup analyses by province, sample type, and HIV status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond Poliomyelitis: A 21-Year Study of Non-Polio Enterovirus Genotyping and Its Relevance in Acute Flaccid Paralysis in São Paulo, Brazil.
Viruses
December 2024
Divisão de Doenças de Transmissão Hídrica e Alimentar, Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica "Prof. Alexandre Vranjac", Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-900, Brazil.
In the context of the near-global eradication of wild poliovirus, the significance of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) in causing acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and their impact on public health has gained increased attention. This research, conducted from 2001 to 2021, examined stool samples from 1597 children under 15 years in São Paulo, Brazil, through the AFP/Poliomyelitis Surveillance Program, detecting NPEVs in 6.9% of cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: West Nile virus (WNV) is a rapidly growing problem worldwide. The lack of emergency treatment and a safe licensed vaccine against WNV allows the virus to cause sporadic outbreaks of human disease, including fatal cases. Formalin-inactivated vaccines have been used for a long time and have been shown to be very safe and effective, especially in susceptible populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProgress of Measles and Rubella Surveillance in the Context of Measles Elimination in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2019-2022.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
In 2015, the 62nd session of the Regional Committee [RC] of the Eastern Mediterranean Region [EMR] endorsed the Eastern Mediterranean Vaccine Action Plan 2016-2020 (EMVAP) that included postponement of the measles elimination target to before 2020. However, the EMR does not have a regional rubella control or elimination goal. We reviewed the progress of measles and rubella surveillance in context of measles elimination in the Eastern Mediterranean Region during 2019-2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolio Epidemiology: Strategies and Challenges for Polio Eradication Post the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Sanofi Vaccines Medical, 14 Espace Henri Vallee, 69007 Lyon, France.
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), launched in 1988, has successfully reduced wild poliovirus (WPV) cases by over 99.9%, with WPV type 2 and WPV3 declared eradicated in 2015 and 2019, respectively. However, as of 2024, WPV1 remains endemic in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
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