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Illuminating the dark mess of fibers: Application of circular cross polarized light in unravelling the bone tissue structure of the dermal pectoral girdle of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis.
J Anat
January 2025
Bonn Institute of Organismal Biology, Paleontology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Current understanding of the histology of the dermoskeleton of tetrapods comes from fossilized and recent remains of skulls, osteoderms, carapace, plastron and other postcranial material which were always investigated using linear cross polarized light (LCPL) microscopy. The pectoral girdle of vast majority of non-amniote tetrapods, including temnospondyls evolved large ventrally located dermal bones- the interclavicle and a pair of clavicles. Despite that, there is a lack of information about the bone tissue structure from these postcranial dermal bones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Focal Traumatic Injury to the Neonatal Rodent Spinal Cord Causes an Immediate and Massive Spreading Depolarization Sustained by Chloride Ions, with Transient Network Dysfunction.
Cell Mol Neurobiol
January 2025
Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, Trieste, TS, Italy.
In clinics, physical injuries to the spinal cord cause a temporary motor areflexia below lesion, known as spinal shock. This topic is still underexplored due to the lack of preclinical spinal cord injury (SCI) models that do not use anesthesia, which would affect spinal excitability. Our innovative design considered a custom-made micro impactor that provides localized and calibrated strikes to the ventral surface of the thoracic spinal cord of the entire CNS isolated from neonatal rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of sonic hedgehog signaling in the oropharyngeal epithelium during jaw development.
Congenit Anom (Kyoto)
December 2024
Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology and Oral Histology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is expressed in the oropharyngeal epithelium, including the frontonasal ectodermal zone (FEZ), which is defined as the boundary between Shh and Fgf8 expression domains in the frontonasal epithelium. To investigate the role of SHH signaling from the oropharyngeal epithelium, we generated mice in which Shh expression is specifically deleted in the oropharyngeal epithelium (Isl1-Cre; Shh). In the mutant mouse, Shh expression was excised in the oropharyngeal epithelium as well as FEZ and ventral forebrain, consistent with the expression pattern of Isl1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSequence independent immune effects of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) dsRNA complexed with phytoglycogen nanoparticles in freshwater crayfish.
J Invertebr Pathol
December 2024
Department of Health Sciences, 75 University Ave W, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo ON N2L 3C5, Canada. Electronic address:
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), a double stranded (ds)DNA virus, is a pathogen that causes massive mortalities in crustaceans worldwide. The present study focuses on using dsRNA to induce sequence-independent immune responses to control virus replication. DsRNA is a well characterized innate immune stimulant in vertebrates and effectively induces an antiviral state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChytridiomycosis in a colony of hellbenders Cryptobranchus alleganiensis.
J Aquat Anim Health
December 2024
Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The eastern hellbender salamander is endangered and suffers from chytridiomycosis, a fungal disease primarily caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), leading to symptoms like skin shedding and death.
- At Purdue University, 33% of hellbenders experienced mortality; autopsies revealed chytridiomycosis and a co-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila.
- The outbreak was attributed to environmental stress from filtration failure; after treatment, surviving salamanders have remained healthy for over a year and were released back into the wild.
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