Knowledge of how oxygen is dissolved in the blood, transmitted through the bloodstream, and factors that affect oxygen delivery to body cells, is essential to the nursing management of the critically ill patient whose inherent physiologic mechanisms have been compromised by life-threatening illness. This article begins with a simplified review of respiration, progresses through a discussion of oxygen tension in the blood and hemoglobin transport of oxygen, and ends with a discussion of factors that affect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.
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Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe, life-threatening inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract, especially affecting preterm infants. This review consolidates evidence from various biomedical disciplines to elucidate the complex pathogenesis of NEC, integrating insights from clinical, microbial, and molecular perspectives. It emphasizes the modulation of NEC-associated inflammatory pathways by probiotics and novel biologics, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
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