[Oxidative modification of proteins, its role in pathologic states].

Generalized literature data covering principal mechanisms of oxidative modification of protein and its role in various pathologies are presented in the paper. It is emphasized that due to peculiarities of protein structure organization the process of oxidative modification is of complicated and specific character, which is determined by amino acid composition of the protein. Oxidative modification of protein can be connected with impairment of not only a polypeptide chain itself, but also particular amino acid residues with formation of several types of radicals. Mechanisms of formation of long-life hydroperoxides and their role in oxidative stress are discussed. The role of electron-transfer (migratory) reactions in formation of radical centers on a protein molecule surface is elucidated. Oxidative modification of protein is considered as a process of regulation of their synthesis and degradation connected with activation of multicatalytic proteases. Oxidative destruction of protein is one of early and most reliable markers of tissue lesion in reactive species pathology.