The goal of the present study was to characterize the semen quality of dogs naturally infected with Leishmaniachagasi, and treated with Allopurinol and Amphotericin B. Eight naturally infected and eight non-infected dogs were selected. Following semen collection, progressive motility, vigor, concentration and sperm morphology were evaluated. The seminal patterns in the treated animals were evaluated at the beginning (d0) and at days 30 (d30), 60 (d60) and 150 (d150) of treatment. The progressive motility at d0 (35.7+/-22.3%) was less than that of the control group (77.8+/-7.1%) (P<0.05). The vigor was similar to the control group throughout the treatment (P>0.05). The number of sperm/mL, sperm/ejaculate and sperm/kg of body weight was similar among groups (P>0.05). The percentages of normal spermatozoa of infected and treated animals were similar throughout the treatment and to the control group (69.1+/-8.7%) at d60 (37.5+/-11.2%) and d150 (48.3+/-10.8%) (P>0.05), but smaller at d0 (22.7+/-10.5%) and d30 (28.8+/-15.9%) (P<0.05). A greater percentage of acrosome damage was observed in the control group (3.1+/-2.3%) compared to the d60 (0.1+/-0.2%) (P<0.05). The infected dogs had a greater percentage of principal piece defects at d60 (37.0+/-6.3%) than the control group (16.8+/-7.3%) (P<0.05); and greater percentages of detached normal heads at d0 (28.7+/-19.7%) and d30 (18.5+/-18.5%) than the control group (0.4+/-0.5%) (P<0.05). This reduction in semen quality of the infected animals is suggestive of an epididymal dysfunction. Due to this poor semen quality, caution is recommended when using infected male dogs for reproductive purposes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.03.003 | DOI Listing |
J Vector Borne Dis
February 2024
Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Background Objectives: Amphotericin B, Allopurinol, Glucantime and Beta-Glucan are the main drugs currently used for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In present study, we evaluated the effect of medical leeches on BALB/c mice models infected with Leishmania parasites.
Methods: To create animal models of leishmaniasis, BALB/c mice were inoculated with the standard Leishmania major strain MRHO / IR / 75 / ER.
J Cutan Med Surg
March 2024
Division of Dermatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) are potentially life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Although the classical causal agents of SCARs (antibiotics, anticonvulsants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and allopurinol) are well characterized, there has been little update to this list to account for newly marketed medications.
Objective: To provide an updated and stratified list of medications with significant reporting odds ratios (RORs) of SCARs.
Microorganisms
November 2022
Nano1Health S.L. (N1H), Edifici EUREKA, Parc de Recerca UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
The emergence of drug-resistant strains of the parasite infecting dogs and humans represents an increasing threat. genomes are complex and unstable with extensive structural variations, ranging from aneuploidies to multiple copy number variations (CNVs). These CNVs have recently been validated as biomarkers of concerning virulence, tissue tropism, and drug resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
November 2022
Pesquisa Clínica e Políticas Públicas em Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Background: Mucosal or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is the most severe form of tegumentary leishmaniasis due to its destructive character and potential damage to respiratory and digestive tracts. The current treatment recommendations are based on low or very low-quality evidence, and pentavalent antimonial derivatives remain strongly recommended. The aim of this review was to update the evidence and estimate the cure rate and safety profile of the therapeutic options available for mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) in the Americas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasit Vectors
December 2021
Cell Biology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Curitiba, Paraná, 81310-020, Brazil.
Background: Leishmania infantum is the most important etiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas and Mediterranean region, and the dog is the main host. Miltefosine was authorized to treat canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in Brazil in 2017, but there is a persistent fear of the emergence of parasites resistant not only to this drug but, through cross-resistance mechanisms, also to meglumine antimoniate and amphotericin B. Additionally, the literature shows that acquisition of resistance is followed by increased parasite fitness, with higher rates of proliferation, infectivity and metacyclogenesis, which are drivers of parasite virulence.
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