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Geosocial Media's Early Warning Capabilities Across US County-Level Political Clusters: Observational Study.
JMIR Infodemiology
January 2025
Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Puch/Salzburg, Austria.
Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sparked significant health concerns worldwide, prompting policy makers and health care experts to implement nonpharmaceutical public health interventions, such as stay-at-home orders and mask mandates, to slow the spread of the virus. While these interventions proved essential in controlling transmission, they also caused substantial economic and societal costs and should therefore be used strategically, particularly when disease activity is on the rise. In this context, geosocial media posts (posts with an explicit georeference) have been shown to provide a promising tool for anticipating moments of potential health care crises.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMigration of Health Workers and Its Impacts on the Nigerian Health Care Sector: Protocol for a Scoping Review.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
Department of Medicine and Optometry, eHealth Institue, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Background: Health worker migration from Nigeria poses significant challenges to the Nigerian health care sector and has far-reaching implications for health care systems globally. Understanding the factors driving migration, its effects on health care delivery, and potential policy interventions is critical for addressing this complex issue.
Objective: This study aims to comprehensively examine the factors encouraging the emigration of Nigerian health workers, map out the effects of health worker migration on the Nigerian health system, document the loss of investment in health training and education resulting from migration, identify relevant policy initiatives addressing migration, determine the effects of Nigerian health worker migration on destination countries, and identify the benefits and demerits to Nigeria of health worker migration.
Evolution and Recent Radiation Therapy Advancement in Uganda: A Precedent on How to Increase Access to Quality Radiotherapy Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
JCO Glob Oncol
January 2025
Uganda Cancer Institute, Department of Radiotherapy, Kampala, Uganda.
The evolution of radiation therapy in Uganda has been a journey marked by significant milestones and persistent challenges. Since the inception of radiotherapy services in 1988-1989, there has been a concerted effort to enhance cancer treatment services. The early years were characterized by foundational developments, such as the installation of the first teletherapy units, low-dose-rate brachytherapy units, and conventional simulators, and the recognition of radiation oncologists and medical physicist professionals laid the groundwork for radiotherapy treatment modalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtremal structures with embedded prefailure indicators.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Department of Construction Sciences, Lund University, Lund SE-22100, Sweden.
Preemptive identification of potential failure under loading of engineering structures is a critical challenge. Our study presents an innovative approach to design built-in prefailure indicators within multiscale structural designs with optimized load carrying capabilities utilizing the design freedom of topology optimization. The indicators are engineered to visibly signal load conditions approaching the global critical buckling load at predefined locations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal natural history infrastructure requires international solidarity, support, and investment in local capacity.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309.
Amid global challenges like climate change, extinctions, and disease epidemics, science and society require nuanced, international solutions that are grounded in robust, interdisciplinary perspectives and datasets that span deep time. Natural history collections, from modern biological specimens to the archaeological and fossil records, are crucial tools for understanding cultural and biological processes that shape our modern world. At the same time, natural history collections in low and middle-income countries are at-risk and underresourced, imperiling efforts to build the infrastructure and scientific capacity necessary to tackle critical challenges.
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