The hydrolysis of colominic acid via microwave irradiation was studied for the production of short-chain oligomers with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 1-5. This method was compared to the traditional acid hydrolytic method for the production of preparative quantities of short colominic acid oligomers. The oligomers were purified by size exclusion chromatography and characterized by (1)H NMR. Optimal conditions for producing the dimer were found to be 12 min at 10% power in a 1000-Watt domestic microwave. This method is advantageous over the traditional technique in that the hydrolysis can be completed in just a few minutes, rather than in a few hours, it is reproducible, and yields large quantities of the desirable short chain oligomers of colominic acid.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2667875 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2009.01.013 | DOI Listing |
Glycoconj J
January 2025
School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
Chondroitin sulphate (CS) is a sulphated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) polysaccharide found on proteoglycans (CSPGs) in extracellular and pericellular matrices. Chondroitinase ABC (CSase ABC) derived from Proteus vulgaris is an enzyme that has gained attention for the capacity to cleave chondroitin sulphate (CS) glycosaminoglycans (GAG) from various proteoglycans such as Aggrecan, Neurocan, Decorin etc. The substrate specificity of CSase ABC is well-known for targeting various structural motifs of CS chains and has gained popularity in the field of neuro-regeneration by selective degradation of CS GAG chains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
September 2022
Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays important functional roles in the developing and mature nervous systems. Here, we show that the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) ion channels TRPC1, -4, and -5 not only interact with the intracellular domains of the transmembrane isoforms NCAM140 and NCAM180, but also with the glycan polysialic acid (PSA) covalently attached to the NCAM protein backbone. NCAM antibody treatment leads to the opening of TRPC1, -4, and -5 hetero- or homomers at the plasma membrane and to the influx of Ca into cultured cortical neurons and CHO cells expressing NCAM, PSA, and TRPC1 and -4 or TRPC1 and -5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
May 2022
ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics (CNBP), Australia; Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:
Surface modification and functionalization is typically required to engineer upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for biosensing and bioimaging applications. Nevertheless, despite various antibody conjugation methods having been applied to UCNPs, no consensus has been reached on the best choice, as the results from individual studies are largely unable to be compared due to inadequate assessment of the properties of the conjugated products. Here, we introduce a systematic approach to quantitatively evaluate the biological activity of antibody-conjugated UCNPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Sci
August 2020
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia.
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are promising bioimaging agents that emit light under near infra-red excitation, capable of penetrating deep in biotissues with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Their successful implementation is principally associated with surface functionalization. Here, we report on UCNP surface modification with highly hydrophilic, endogenous, non-toxic, non-immunogenic colominic acid, conferring "stealth" properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUpconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are becoming increasingly popular as biological markers as they offer photo-stable imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) biological transparency window. Imaging at NIR wavelengths benefits from low auto-fluorescence background and minimal photo-damage. However, as the diffraction limit increases with the wavelength, the imaging resolution deteriorates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!