Molecular allelokaryotyping of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia cells with high density single nucleotide polymorphism arrays identifies novel common genomic lesions and acquired uniparental disomy.

Background: T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is a rare aggressive lymphoproliferative disease with a mature T-cell phenotype and characteristic genomic lesions such as inv(14)(q11q34), t(14;14)(q11;q32) or t(X;14)(q28;q11), mutation of the ATM gene on chromosome 11 and secondary alterations such as deletions of chromosome 8p and duplications of 8q.

Design And Methods: We analyzed malignant cells from 18 patients with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia using high density 250K single nucleotide polymorphism arrays and molecular allelokaryotyping to refine understanding of known alterations and identify new target genes.

Results: Our analyses revealed that characteristic disruptions of chromosome 14 are frequently unbalanced. In the commonly deleted region on chromosome 11, we found recurrent microdeletions targeting the microRNA 34b/c and the transcription factors ETS1 and FLI1. On chromosome 8, we identified genes such as PLEKHA2, NBS1, NOV and MYST3 to be involved in breakpoints. New recurrent alterations were identified on chromosomes 5p, 12p, 13q, 17 and 22 with a common region of acquired uniparental disomy in four samples on chromosome 17q. Single nucleotide polymorphism array results were confirmed by direct sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Conclusions: The first high density single nucleotide polymorphism array allelokaryotyping of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia genomes added substantial new details about established alterations in this disease and moreover identified numerous new potential target genes in common breakpoints, deletions and regions of acquired uniparental disomy.