Computational model of ductal carcinoma in situ: the effects of contact inhibition on pattern formation.

The computational model presented in this paper focuses on modeling ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which is the most commonly detected preinvasive form of breast cancer. The model aims to understand the biological mechanisms and resultant growth dynamics of DCIS. The cellular automaton model based on observed phenotypic characteristics of DCIS emphasize the important role of contact inhibition on lesion pattern formation. Computer simulations resembled the cribriform, micropapillary, solid, and comedo patterns of DCIS. The model has led to insights about the progression of the preinvasive disease such as possible explanations for coexisting micropapillary and cribriform patterns commonly found through histological analyses.