Background: Drug resistance monitoring is an important aspect of tuberculosis (TB) control.
Objective: To determine the sensitivity of mycobacterial isolates from newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients to first line anti-TB drugs in Addis Ababa.
Methods: A survey on primary anti-tuberculosis drug resistance was conducted on smear positive pulmonary TB patients visiting 19 health centers and 3 hospitals in Addis Ababa from September 2004 to December 2005. Sputum was digested and decontaminated using Petroff's method and inoculated on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media. Mycobacterial isolates were tested for sensitivity to isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin on Middlebrook 7H10 media using the standard indirect proportion method.
Results: Among the M. tuberculosis strains isolated from 173 patients, 21.4% were resistant to at least one drug. Single drug resistance to streptomycin was observed in 16.2%, to isoniazid in 13.3%, to rifampicin in 1.2% and to ethambutol in 3.5% of the isolates. The prevalence of resistance to at least one drug was 15.7% and 23.7% among patients with and without HIV co-infection, respectively (p > 0.05). Only one patient (0.6%) had a multidrug resistant (MDR) strain. However, the prevalence of resistance to more than one drug was 10.4%.
Conclusion: Although the prevalence of MDR was low in this study, the precursors of MDR are accumulating in Addis Ababa.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Knockdown of an ATP-binding cassette transporter in resistant western corn rootworm larvae partially reverses resistance to eCry3.1Ab protein.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, has evolved resistance to nearly every management tactic utilized in the field. This study investigated the resistance mechanisms in a WCR strain resistant to the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein eCry3.1Ab using dsRNA to knockdown WCR midgut genes previously documented to be associated with the resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuberculosis Preventive Treatment in High TB-Burden Settings: A State-of-the-Art Review.
Drugs
December 2024
The Aurum Institute, Parktown, South Africa.
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. The burden is highest in some low- and middle-income countries. One-quarter of the world's population is estimated to have been infected with TB, which is the seedbed for progressing from TB infection to the deadly and contagious disease itself.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChia Derived Peptides Affecting Bacterial Membrane and DNA: Insights from Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Studies.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr
December 2024
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Km. 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida, 97203, Yucatán, México.
The increasing concern over microbial resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents used in food preservation has led to growing interest in plant-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternative solutions. In this study, the antimicrobial mechanisms of chia seed-derived peptides YACLKVK, KLKKNL, KLLKKYL, and KKLLKI were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Escherichia coli (EC). Fluorometric assays and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the peptides disrupt bacterial membranes, with propidium iodide (PI) uptake reaching 72.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvances in ferroptosis for castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment: novel drug targets and combination therapy strategies.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis
December 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, China.
Background: Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has much lower survival and ultimately develops castration resistance, which expects novel targets and therapeutic approaches. As a result of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis triggers programmed cell death and has been associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).
Subjects: To better understand how ferroptosis can be used to treat CRPC, we reviewed the following: First, ferroptosis mechanisms and characteristics.
Brd4 modulates metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation by regulating colonic macrophage infiltration in high-fat diet-fed mice.
Commun Biol
December 2024
Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
High-fat diet (HFD) induces low-grade chronic inflammation, contributing to obesity and insulin resistance. However, the precise mechanisms triggering obesity-associated metabolic inflammation remain elusive. In this study, we identified epigenetic factor Brd4 as a key player in this process by regulating the expression of Ccr2/Ccr5 in colonic macrophage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!