Even though memory dysfunction is not considered to be a diagnostic criterion for schizophrenia, results of a neuropsychological research indicate significant damage in mnestic functioning, especially in verbal memory (Saykin et al. 1991). This type of a disorder is recorded in patients with a first episode of schizophrenia, as well as in chronic patients (Saykin et al. 1994). These researches show that this deficit is not influenced by neuroleptics. Paulsen and associates suggest that the deficit of verbal learning in schizophrenia is related to difficulties in encoding retrieving information without significant storage (rapid forgetting) problems (Paulsen at al. 1995). We will present a case of a 36 - year old male who is suffering from a paranoid schizophrenia.
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Pharmacol Res
December 2024
UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Electronic address:
Gut microbial dysbiosis or altered gut microbial consortium, in schizophrenia suggests a pathogenic role through the gut-brain axis, influencing neuroinflammatory and neurotransmitter pathways critical to psychotic, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Paradoxically, conventional psychotropic interventions may exacerbate this dysbiosis, with antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, demonstrating profound effects on microbial architecture through disruption of bacterial phyla ratios, diminished taxonomic diversity, and attenuated short-chain fatty acid synthesis. To address these challenges, novel therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, encompassing probiotic supplementation, prebiotic compounds, faecal microbiota transplantation, and rationalised co-pharmacotherapy, show promise in attenuating antipsychotic-induced metabolic disruptions while enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: The incidence of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is difficult to predict in real-world practice because various factors influence it. This study aimed to explore background and medication-related factors associated with weight gain in patients newly prescribed with antipsychotic medication.
Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted in Japan.
Br J Psychiatry
December 2024
Public Health Department, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
Background: Previous economic evidence about interventions for schizophrenia is outdated, non-transparent and/or limited to a specific clinical context.
Aims: We developed a discrete event simulation (DES) model for estimating the cost-effectiveness of interventions in schizophrenia in the UK.
Method: The DES model was developed based on the structure of previous models, populated with demographic, clinical and cost data from the UK, and antipsychotics' effects from recent network meta-analyses.
Gut Pathog
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Background: Maintaining gut microbial homeostasis is crucial for human health, as imbalances in the gut microbiota (GM) can lead to various diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MS), exacerbated by the use of antipsychotic medications such as olanzapine (OLZ). Understanding the role of the GM in OLZ-induced MS could lead to new therapeutic strategies. This study used metagenomic analysis to explore the impact of OLZ on the GM composition and examined how probiotics can mitigate its adverse effects in a rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore, IND.
Background The presence of psychiatric symptoms in pregnancy is a common occurrence that requires swift and effective management to avoid harm to self, caregivers, staff, and, above all, the reliant fetus. However, there is a dearth of knowledge, practical guidelines, and research in the context of managing agitated states of antenatal patients. To bridge this critical knowledge gap, this research endeavors to illuminate the practices surrounding the management of agitated pregnant women with respect to psychiatric emergencies in a tertiary care hospital.
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