Background: The global HIV/AIDS epidemic consists of a number of regional epidemics caused by different HIV-1 subtypes prevailing in different regions.
Objectives: To study changes in genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains isolated in the Czech Republic (CR) over a more than twenty-year period (1986-2007).
Study Design: HIV-1 strains isolated in CR from 1986 to 2007 were subtyped by pol gene sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. The role of HIV-1 subtyping in molecular epidemiology was considered.
Results: Awide range of HIV-1 subtypes were found, with subtype B, into which 76.6% of 534 HIV-1 isolates were classified, being predominant during the whole study period. An increasing number of non-B subtypes A1, C, D, F1, G and some recombinant forms (CRF 01_AE, CRF 02_AG and CRF 06_cpx) were identified after 1990.
Conclusions: The absolute predominance of subtype B among HIV-1 strains in the Czech Republic ended in 1991 when different non-B subtypes had been introduced into the country. The East-West migration is responsible for the introduction of HIV-1 subtypes prevalent in Eastern European and some Asian countries. Genetic analysis of HIV-1 isolates from a given region can be helpful in tracing the course of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
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