We investigate the clinical outcome from stimulation of the mamillothalamic tract in two patients with intractable epilepsy secondary to hypothalamic hamartomas. One patient has a left-sided and the other a right-sided tumor. Both patients presented with a history of gelastic and complex partial seizures resistant to multiple antiepileptic drugs. Both patients underwent insertion of a single deep brain-stimulating electrode ipsilateral to the site of the tumor, lying adjacent to the mamillothalamic tract. Postoperatively they both had a significant reduction in seizure frequency, with one patient being seizure free for the last 10 months. An improvement in mood was reported by the patient's primary carers and demonstrated on quality of life questionnaires.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01995.x | DOI Listing |
Childs Nerv Syst
May 2023
Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
Hypothalamic hamartoma is a less common condition characterized by the several types of epileptic seizures including the gelastic type. It is reported that gelastic seizures are resistant to medical treatment with anticonvulsants, while stereotactic thermocoagulation or Gamma Knife radiosurgery are effective for seizure control. Here, we report an individual case where direct surgical resection disconnecting hypothalamic hamartoma from mammillothalamic tract resulted in complete disappearance of gelastic seizures without deterioration of cognitive function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurol
April 2020
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea.
Accurate diagnosis of the presence and severity of neural injury in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is important in neurorehabilitation because it is essential for establishing appropriate therapeutic strategies and developing a prognosis. Diffusion tensor imaging has a unique advantage in the identification of microstructural white matter abnormalities which are not usually detectable on conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging. In this mini-review article, 12 diffusion tensor imaging studies on SAH-related brain injury were reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
March 2017
Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Department of Neurology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania. Electronic address:
Objectives: Mamillary bodies play an important role in human memory and emotions. Vascular lesions causing an isolated mammillary body lesion without affecting the surrounding structures are very rare.
Methods: A 53-year-old male was brought to the emergency department with acute-onset memory problems suggestive of partial anterograde and retrograde amnesia.
J Neurochem
March 2016
Applied Neuroscience Research Group, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) by measuring non-Gaussian diffusion allows an accurate estimation of the distribution of water molecule displacement and may correctly characterize microstructural brain changes caused by neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of DKI to detect changes induced by α-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation in α-syn over-expressing transgenic mice (TNWT-61) in both gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) using region of interest (ROI) and tract-based spatial statistics analyses, respectively, and to explore the relationship between α-syn accumulation and DKI metrics in our regions of interest. Fourteen-month-old TNWT-61 mice and wild-type (WT) littermates underwent in vivo DKI scanning using the Bruker Avance 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Transm (Vienna)
November 2013
Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52064, Aachen, Germany.
Only a few studies have explored cognitive changes with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with essential tremor (ET). Furthermore, the cognitive effects after years of electrical stimulation are unknown. Assessing the impact of stereotactic electrode implantation and the actual electrical stimulation on cognition in patients with ET in the short and long term is of interest, because DBS is increasingly applied and can offer deeper insight into human brain functions.
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