The author reviews the Russian and international literature on the potentialities of artificial gravity in extended piloted space flights, especially in view of the declared initiatives to set forth on exploration missions in the first part of this century. Physical deconditioning and loss of tolerance to the gravitational loads consistently have their effects on cosmonauts despite the large assortment of in-flight preventive procedures. Effectiveness of artificial gravity generated by the short-arm centrifuge (SAC) has been assessed in experiments simulating the physiological consequences of microgravity by immersion or HDT, and flown aboard the dedicated satellites. It is emphasized that all the data indiscriminately indicate effectiveness of SAC as a preventive and therapeutic instrument alleviating the negative effects of modeled microgravity. Open issues and research objectives are presented.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Development and clinical validation of passive shoulder exoskeleton with novel gravity compensation mechanism for stabilizing arm tremor of surgeons during minimally invasive surgery.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol
December 2024
Center for Healthcare Robotics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Introduction: During tasks like minimally invasive surgery (MIS), various factors can make working environment not be ergonomic, and those situations will accumulate fatigue in the surgeon's muscles which will inevitably lead to poor surgical performance. Therefore, there has been a need for technical solutions to solve this problem and one of the methods is exoskeleton robots.
Methods: We designed a passive shoulder exoskeleton whose workspace could be used for MIS to assist the surgeon's movements and performed computational and clinical validation.
Tracking of spaceflight-induced bone remodeling reveals a limited time frame for recovery of resorption sites in humans.
Sci Adv
December 2024
McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Mechanical unloading causes bone loss, but it remains unclear whether disuse-induced changes to bone microstructure are permanent or can be recovered upon reloading. We examined bone loss and recovery in 17 astronauts using time-lapsed high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography and biochemical markers to determine whether disuse-induced changes are permanent. During 6 months in microgravity, resorption was threefold higher than formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe lymph node (LN) performs essential roles in immunosurveillance throughout the body. Developing in vitro models of this key tissue is of great importance to enhancing physiological relevance in immunoengineering. The LN consists of stromal populations and immune cells, which are highly organized and bathed in constant interstitial flow.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Intelligence in Diagnostics: Enhancing Urine Test Accuracy Using a Mobile Phone-Based Reading System.
Ann Lab Med
December 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
Background: Urinalysis, an essential diagnostic tool, faces challenges in terms of standardization and accuracy. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) with mobile technology can potentially solve these challenges. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness and accuracy of an AI-based program in automatically interpreting urine test strips using mobile phone cameras, an approach that may revolutionize point-of-care testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing performance in gravity-driven membrane systems through pre-coating with aluminum-based flocs: Mechanism and energy saving analysis.
J Environ Manage
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
The gravity-driven membrane (GDM) system is an energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable water purification process; however, after prolonged operation, its membrane flux remains relatively low, making it necessary to adopt effective strategies for improving system performance. In this study, the effects of hydrostatic pressure (60, 100, 200 mbar) and pre-coating with aluminum-based flocs (ABF) on GDM flux and organic matter removal were investigated, and the regulatory mechanisms of the bio-cake layer were explored through interactions between morphological structure, composition and microbes. The results showed that the stable flux of the GDM-ABF system at a hydrostatic pressure of 60 mbar was almost equal to that at 100 mbar, and it outperformed higher hydrostatic pressure in organic matter removal, resulting in a more porous bio-cake layer structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!