Warm beating heart, robotic endoscopic Cox-cryomaze: an approach for treating atrial fibrillation.

With recent technological advancements, an increasing number of minimally invasive approaches are being explored as potential alternatives to the traditional cut-and-sew Cox maze III for treating atrial fibrillation. We describe an approach for treating atrial fibrillation that consists of a warm beating heart, robotic endoscopic Cox-cryomaze with a full set of left atrial argon-based cryolesions.