Duloxetine in acute major depression: review of comparisons to placebo and standard antidepressants using dissimilar methods.

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of duloxetine (DLX), an inhibitor of both norepinephrine and serotonin transporters (SNRI), have tested its efficacy in acute major depressive disorder (MDD) versus placebo (PBO) or standard serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and require review, comparing analytical methods.

Method: Computerized searching to identify reports of RCTs of DLX in adult, acute MDD patients permitted meta-analytic pooling to estimate overall response and remission rates, to compare mixed-model, repeated measures (MMRM) versus last-observations-carried-forward (LOCF) analytical methods, and to assess relations of DLX dose to efficacy and adverse outcomes.

Results: We identified 17 RCTs involving 22 comparisons (DLX versus PBO [n = 17) and DLX versus an SRI [n = 16]), based on MMRM and LOCF methods that allowed estimates of response (>or=50% improvement of depression scores) or remission (final depression score
Limitations: RCTs involving DLX are limited, with few direct comparisons to standard antidepressants.

Conclusions: DLX has good evidence of efficacy in acute, adult MDD, especially at doses of 80-120 mg/day, but remains inadequately tested against standard alternatives. MMRM analyses yielded slightly superior FLX/PBO contrasts than older LOCF methods.