The rates of significantly below-chance results on three neuropsychological symptom validity tests (SVTs) including the Portland Digit Recognition Test (PDRT), Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), and Word Memory Test (WMT) were compared in a private practice forensic sample of 1032 examinees with alleged mild traumatic brain injury, moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, alleged toxic exposure, and reported chronic pain. The PDRT and WMT were equivalent to one another in the rates of below-chance results, with both yielding more frequent below-chance results than the TOMM. Seemingly more difficult sections of the PDRT and WMT had higher yields than seemingly easier sections. Multiple SVTs were more likely to yield below-chance results than a single test, supporting the use of multiple SVTs in forensic neuropsychological evaluations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854040802232690 | DOI Listing |
Pac Symp Biocomput
December 2024
Research Computing and Data Services, Information, Technology & Consulting, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03784, USA.
This study investigates the potential of using synthetic text to augment training data for Natural Language Processing (NLP) models, specifically within the context of peer support tools. We surveyed 22 participants-13 professional peer supporters and 9 AI-proficient individuals-tasked with distinguishing between AI-generated and human-written sentences. Using signal detection theory and confidence-based metrics, we evaluated the accuracy and confidence levels of both groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychiatry
September 2024
Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
Objective: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness associated with high rates of general medical comorbidity, reduced life expectancy, and premature mortality. Although BD has been associated with high medical hospitalization, the factors that contribute to this risk remain largely unexplored. We used baseline medical and psychiatric records to develop a supervised machine learning model to predict general medical admissions after discharge from psychiatric hospitalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Psychobiol
May 2022
School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Most fundamental aspects of information processing in infancy have been primarily investigated using simplified images centrally presented on computer displays. This approach lacks ecological validity as in reality the majority of visual information is presented across the visual field, over a range of eccentricities. Limited studies are present, however, about the extent and the characteristics of infant peripheral vision after 7 months of age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Neurosci Adv
January 2022
Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Attention involves both an ability to selectively focus on relevant information and simultaneously ignore irrelevant information (i.e. inhibitory control).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Neuropsychol Adult
October 2020
Colorado Mental Health Institute at Pueblo, Pueblo, Colorado, USA.
Although the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) is a widely studied and utilized screening measure with an Effort Index (EI), there is a minimal amount of data available regarding the utility of the EI for forensic inpatients. Specific concerns include the possibility that the published cutoffs would result in high false positive rates. The present study investigated this issue by comparing the validity of the RBANS EI with that of the Dot Counting Test (DCT) and Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) in a forensic psychiatric setting ( = 117).
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