With approximately four million people in the United States today diagnosed with dementia, one of the most devastating problems faced by caregivers and patients is dealing with aggressive behavior. Aggression occurs in half of persons diagnosed with dementia and is associated with more rapid cognitive decline, increased risk of abuse, and caregiver burden. This paper uses the Need-driven Dementia-compromised Behavior (NDB) model to explain aggression and discusses therapeutic approaches to care that combines non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions targeting both the management of aggression crisis and preventing its future recurrence. A clinical algorithm guided by the NBD model is provided for practitioners.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2008.03.001 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care
January 2025
Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Montreal, Québec, Canada
Objectives: To assess the association between sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) use and the risk of incident dementia compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) use among individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Design: A population-based retrospective cohort study.
Setting: The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum database from the UK.
Biosci Trends
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, China.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, significantly impacts global public health, with cases expected to exceed 150 million by 2050. Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), predominantly influenced by the APOE-ε4 allele, exhibits complex pathogenesis involving amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Proteomics has emerged as a pivotal technology in uncovering molecular mechanisms and identifying biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsy Res
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225012, China. Electronic address:
Purpose: Epilepsy is a widespread neurological disorder that increases the risk of cognitive impairment (CI) or dementia. We aimed to assess the relationship between cognition and interictal electroencephalogram (EEG) in epilepsy patients, using the Grand Total EEG (GTE) score. Additionally, we investigated the GTE score's utility in the early detection of CI in these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Transl Med
January 2025
Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid-β (Aβ) triggers the aggregation and spreading of tau pathology, which drives neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. However, the pathophysiological link between Aβ and tau remains unclear, which hinders therapeutic efforts to attenuate Aβ-related tau accumulation. Aβ has been found to trigger neuronal hyperactivity and hyperconnectivity, and preclinical research has shown that tau spreads across connected neurons in an activity-dependent manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCodas
January 2025
Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM - Santa Maria (RS), Brasil.
Purpose: This study aimed to adapt the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hearing Impaired (MoCA-H) into Brazilian Portuguese (BP).
Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and qualitative study involving participants selected by convenience. The instrument was adapted from its original version, in a six-stage process consisting of the following: Stage 1 - Translation and back translation of the MoCA-H; Stage 2 - Stimulus analysis and selection; Stage 3 - Semantic analysis of stimuli; Stage 4 - Analysis by non-expert judges, part 1; Stage 5 - Analysis by non-expert judges, part 2; Stage 6 - Pilot study.
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