An 18-year-old girl with multiple autoimmune endocrinopathies was referred to the endocrinology clinic for management of hypothyroidism. She required increasing doses of thyroxine but remained hypothyroid. Daily and weekly supervised thyroxine administration strategies were unsuccessful. She was extensively investigated for malabsorption; however, all the results were normal. She was subsequently commenced on weekly intramuscular thyroxine injections and became biochemically and clinically euthyroid. Subsequent elective hospital admission and administration of thyroxine via nasogastric tube resulted in recurrence of her hypothyroidism. This case demonstrates apparent isolated true levothyroxine malabsorption existing in isolation and suggests that intramuscular thyroxine injections may be a useful therapeutic modality in these patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31817ee556 | DOI Listing |
Thyroid
November 2023
Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Graves' disease (GD), one of the most common forms of autoimmune thyroid disorders, is characterized by hyperthyroidism caused by antibodies (Abs) against the extracellular A-subunit of the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR). Various approaches have been used to create mouse models of GD, including transfected fibroblasts and immunization with plasmids or adenoviruses expressing human TSHR A-subunit (hTSHR A-subunit). These models, however, require repeated immunization and produce inconsistent results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sex Med
May 2023
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Background: Sexual dysfunction may indicate severe endocrine diseases. Recent research has suggested a link between hypothyroidism, low testosterone (T) levels, and erectile dysfunction (ED); however, the exact cause is unknown.
Aim: We sought to investigate possible beneficial effects of levothyroxine and T alone or in combination on ED in propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2023
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Introduction: The nature of thyroid nodules is heterogenous. Most of them are benign and, in the absence of pressure symptoms of adjunct structures, no treatment is needed. Our objective was to investigate the acute effects of a low dose of recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) on the volume of benign thyroid nodules.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethnopharmacol
January 2023
Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xiehuo Xiaoying decoction (XHXY) has shown great potential in the treatment of GD, but its mechanism remains obscure. Increase of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and reduction of follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells contribute to a high thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb) level and possible Graves' disease (GD). Oxidative stress (OS) disrupts T helper cell differentiation and aggravates autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
July 2022
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Service d'Endocrinologie - Diabète - Nutrition, Reims, France.
Rationale: Daily oral synthetic levothyroxine (LT4) is the main treatment for hypothyroidism, which, in most cases, allows the regression of symptoms and the normalization of the thyroid function. However, rarely, despite a high dose of oral LT4, hypothyroidism persists and is called refractory hypothyroidism. Intravenous or intramuscular treatment is then often necessary.
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