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A potential VEGF-driven hypothesis of calvarial centripetal proliferation in cerebral proliferative angiopathy.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) is a rare subtype of cerebral arteriovenous malformation, characterized by unique angiographic features and clinical presentations. Although the clinical and angiographic characteristics of CPA have been well described, their impact on the surrounding tissues remains underexplored. Herein, we investigated the presence of calvarial thickening in patients with CPA, and discuss its potential pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn iliac arteriovenous fistula associated with leg swelling 2 years after the removal of a hemodialysis catheter: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.
Rationale: Temporary central venous catheters are commonly used for patients who require emergency hemodialysis. In rare instances, this procedure can result in a very serious complication known as arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Although some cases of femoral arteriovenous fistula have been reported previously in the literature; however, the incidence of iliac AVF precipitated by a hemodialysis catheter is exceedingly uncommon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIschemic cholangiopathy after cholecystectomy in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, a complex differential diagnosis.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig
January 2025
Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, España.
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare genetic disease characterised by mucocutaneous telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations that can affect multiple organs. Although rare, ischaemic cholangiopathy can occur, a serious complication that can even lead to death. We present the case of a patient with HHT disease with previous mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations in whom 8 weeks after cholecystectomy a saccular dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct was observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA rare case of paradoxical embolization due to an acquired extracardiac right-to-left shunt during covid-19 infection: Every street leads to heart.
J Cardiol Cases
October 2024
Pediatric Cardiology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", AORN "Ospedali dei Colli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.
Unlabelled: Right-to-left shunt may be a cause of paradoxical embolization (and cryptogenic cerebral ischemic events). Patent foramen ovale and pulmonary arterio-venous malformations are the most common cause of paradoxical embolization; however, some rare cardiovascular lesions may cause a right-to-left shunt with consequent paradoxical embolization. We describe a case of a young child with superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect who underwent surgical closure and developed a cryptogenic cerebral ischemic attack due to a rare cause of paradoxical embolization, during a long-term follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway, leading to arteriovenous malformations. While previously thought to share molecular and cellular dysregulation, this study reveals highly distinct mechanisms depending on whether mutations occur in Alk1 or SMAD4. Loss of SMAD4 enhances endothelial cell responses to flow, including flow-regulated transcription and cell migration against blood flow, causing excessive pruning of capillaries and the formation of single large shunts.
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