Patients with hemodialysis (HD) are at risk of death due to cardiac arrhythmias, worsening congestive heart failure (CHF), and noncardiac causes. This study reviews our experience with the use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in patients with ventricular tachycardia who are under maintenance HD. We retrospectively reviewed 71 consecutive patients who underwent an ICD implantation in our hospital. There were 11 patients under maintenance HD and 60 patients without HD. The group of patients with HD (HD group) was compared with the patients without HD (control group). The mean follow-up period was 30+/-9 vs. 39+/-4 months in the HD group vs. the control group, respectively. Among these patients, 6 in the HD group and 26 in the control group received appropriate ICD therapies. There was no difference in appropriate ICD therapy, time to the first therapy, and electrical storm between the 2 groups. In the HD group, 1 patient underwent surgical removal of the ICD system due to infective endocarditis. There were 5 deaths in the HD group (4 from CHF) and 8 deaths in the control group (4 from CHF). There were no sudden cardiac deaths or arrhythmic deaths in both groups of patients during the follow-up period. However, the overall death rate was significantly higher in the HD group (P<0.01). In HD patients, ICD therapy prevented arrhythmic death, but their rate of nonarrhythmic adverse outcomes was high. This risk-benefit association should be considered before implantation of the device.
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