The article presents a biomechanical model of articulatio and mm. coxae with the characteristics of the vectors of reaction forces generated in flexors and extensors (1) in muscular balance; (2) in muscular dysbalance; (2a) with permanent load of the model of a hip by the body weight; (2b) with simulated live load during a fall or an impact. In case of muscular dysbalance the application of action force on a hip during a fall results in a sharp increase of the reaction compressive force in flexors and the tensile force in extensors. Muscular dysbalance of external (extensors) and internal (flexors) muscles of mm. coxae facilitates in this way complicated splintered fractures in the collum femoris area, and in the pertrochanteric and subtrochanteric areas. Muscular balance achieved by balancing exercises and mechanical protection of the joint reduce the risk of splintered and complicated fractures in the described area (Tab. 1, Fig. 5, Photo 9, Ref. 9).
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