Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated crescentic IgA nephropathy in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Membranous glomerulonephritis and minimal change disease are the most common forms of glomerular diseases noted in patients with graft versus host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Herein, we report a patient who developed anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated crescentic IgA nephropathy within 3 months after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. He was treated with intravenous pulse steroids and monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide for 6 months followed by cyclophosphamide every 3 months and tapering dose of steroids. His proteinuria resolved and renal function remained stable. Two cases of crescentic IgA nephropathy have been reported in patients who underwent allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The etiology of IgA nephropathy developing after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is unclear and larger registry-based studies are needed to further explore this condition.