The G gene encoding the neutralization antigen of bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) was characterized in order to define the virus's molecular epidemiology in Japan and the genetic relationships among the Japanese, Taiwanese and Australian isolates. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the gene were highly conserved among the Japanese strains, regardless of the year of isolation, and were closely related to the Taiwanese strains. By phylogenetic analysis, the Japanese and Taiwanese strains were classified clearly into three chronological clusters: 1966, 1984-1989 and 1996-2004, indicating that the epidemics of bovine ephemeral fever may occur almost simultaneously in both countries by the same genotype. On the other hand, the Australian strains were distantly related to these East Asian strains and placed in the independent fourth cluster of the phylogenetic tree. It is suggested that three amino acid substitutions at residues 224, 271 and 499 in the neutralizing epitopes, of which two generate new glycosylation sequences, are responsible for antigenic variations of bovine ephemeral fever virus. The cross-neutralization test using the bovine ephemeral fever virus isolated in Japan demonstrated that the vaccine developed based on the oldest Japanese strain, YHL, appears to still be effective for controlling bovine ephemeral fever in Japan.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.021 | DOI Listing |
Vaccine
January 2025
Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, POB 12, 76100, Israel. Electronic address:
Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) that presents a significant challenge to the cattle industry due to its economic impact, primarily through the loss of milk production in dairy cows. Vaccination is the predominant strategy for managing the disease. We recently showed a vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 60 % of a vaccine based on the Australian 919 BEFV isolate, with a natural challenge occurring shortly after the administration of the second dose of the vaccine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Microbiol
November 2024
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Ruminant Diseases Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China. Electronic address:
Signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6), an essential member of the STAT protein family, plays vital roles in innate immunity, however, its function in regulating innate immunity through the degradation of MAVS has not been described. In this study, we found that STAT6 suppresses the replication of both bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Further investigations revealed that STAT6 promotes the type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling pathway in the context of BEFV and VSV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
September 2024
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
One of the major factors hindering efficient livestock production is the presence of high-impact infectious animal diseases, such as foot and mouth disease (FMD), lumpy skin disease (LSD), and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), which are notable viral infections affecting cattle in Egypt, leading to significant economic losses. FMD is caused by the foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) of the genus in the family. LSD is caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) of genus within the family, subfamily .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
July 2024
Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is an arthropod-borne viral disease, which frequently causes significant epizootics in susceptible water buffalo and cattle in Africa, Australia, Asia and the Middle East. In the current study, a two-stage protocol for BEFV viral isolation was developed. Data on the clinical signs, geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of BEFV strains isolated in Israel in 2015, 2018, 2021 and 2023 were summarized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Virol Methods
September 2024
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via A. Bianchi 9, Brescia 25124, Italy. Electronic address:
Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) is a member of the genus Ephemerovirus in the family Rhabdoviridae. It is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted by many species of midges and mosquitoes. It can cause severe economic consequences due to losses in milk production and the general condition of cattle and water buffalo.
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