Despite a decline in cigarette smoking over the past few decades, rates remain unacceptably high for certain segments of the population, such as urban African Americans (AAs). AA smokers, on average, smoke fewer cigarettes per day than European American samples; however, AA smokers are less likely to achieve abstinence during a quit attempt. Outcome expectancies have previously been association with cessation outcomes, but prior research has not examined expectancies among treatment-seeking AA light smokers. The 33-item Smoking Consequences Questionnaire-Adult (SCQ-A) was evaluated among 751 AA light smokers (i.e.,
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2670092 PMC http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897070802606345 DOI Listing Publication Analysis
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Can J Surg
January 2025
From the Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Huo); the Department of Primary Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece (Kontouli); the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Manos); the Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Xu, Fris); the Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Chun); the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Wallace, French)
Background: There is a need to expand eligibility criteria for lung cancer screening beyond age and smoking history. In this study, we sought to assess whether light-or-never-smokers and heavy smokers differ in molecular and immunologic markers based on conventional lung cancer screening criteria.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of lung cancer cases from 2005 to 2018 at a tertiary Canadian institution.
Health Econ
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Existing evidence on whether e-cigarettes are substitutes or complements to combustible cigarettes is limited and mixed. We revisit this question using nationally-representative Canadian survey data over 14 years (2004-2017) and difference-in-differences methods that exploit the staggered adoption of e-cigarette Minimum Legal Age (MLA) laws in Canadian provinces between 2015 and 2017. We study the laws' effects not only on youth smoking but also on smoking initiation and cessation to shed light on the mechanisms through which these laws affect youth smoking.
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December 2024
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Purpose: This study investigates the determinants of smoking behavior among young adults in Khuzestan province, southwest Iran, using two-level count regression models. Given the high prevalence of smoking-related diseases and the social impact of smoking, understanding the factors influencing smoking habits is crucial for effective public health interventions.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,973 individuals aged 18-35 years, using data from the Daily Smoking Consumption Survey (DSCS) in Khuzestan province collected in 2023.
Nicotine Tob Res
December 2024
Department of Public Health, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC.
Introduction: Genetic studies of smoking cessation have been limited by short-term follow-up or cross-sectional design. Within seven genes (CHRNA3, CHRNA5, CHRNB2, CHRNB4, DRD2, DBH and CYP2A6) influencing biological mechanisms relevant to smoking, this study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with smoking cessation throughout up to 38-years of follow-up.
Methods: Participants were from two all-female cohort studies, Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (n = 10,017) and NHS-2 (n = 2,793).
J Lasers Med Sci
October 2024
Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Coloproctology- Sao Camilo Hospital, Concordia, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Anal fissures (AFs) are a prevalent pathology. Although internal lateral sphincterotomy is still the gold-standard surgery for treating chronic AFs, this procedure is associated with a considerable risk of anal incontinence. This study describes an alternative and minimally invasive technique for treating AFs using photobiomodulation and a high-power diode laser-fissure treatment (LFT) and highlights initial results pertaining to pain.
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