We exploit a technique, based on nonlinear optimization, to design diffractive lenses that focus optical nulls without any phase singularities. To ensure ease of fabrication, these lenses are composed of concentric circular zones. Furthermore, we show that this technique is readily extended to multiple wavelengths and can be used to improve tolerance to fabrication errors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.26.000297 | DOI Listing |
Cells
March 2025
College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
Ataxin-2 (Atx2), an RNA-binding protein, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of RNA, intracellular metabolism, and translation within the cellular environment. Although both the Sm-like (LSm) and LSm-associated (LSmAD) domains are considered to associated with RNA binding, there is still a lack of experimental evidence supporting their functions. To address this, we designed and constructed several recombinants containing the RNA-binding domain (RBD) of Atx2.
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March 2025
Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
Performing reliable Rietveld analysis on tens or hundreds of powder diffraction datasets from parametric or time-resolved experiments often poses a bottleneck in extracting meaningful results from the data. While automated analysis of data has recently been demonstrated, high temperature annealing studies, during which phase transformations occur and lattice parameters may change due to repartitioning of elements, are prime examples where automation by a simple phase identification from a database of room temperature structures or automation by sequential refinements is likely to fail. To enable reliable, efficient, automated Rietveld analysis, we present a Python package named Spotlight, building on established Rietveld packages such as MAUD, GSAS, or GSAS-II, which extends the refinement of best fit parameters to a global optimization using an ensemble of optimizers leveraging hierarchical parallel execution on high-performance computing clusters.
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March 2025
Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.
In biological imaging, there is a demand for cost-effective, high-resolution techniques to study dynamic intracellular processes. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is ideal for achieving high axial and lateral resolution in live samples due to its optical sectioning and low phototoxicity. However, conventional SIM systems remain expensive and complex.
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March 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
A novel approach for synthesizing Titanium Oxide nanoparticles (NPs) using the rotating electrode in arc discharge method was developed by focusing on enhanced photocatalytic activity. Utilizing a rotating electrode as a third electrode in the arc discharge process enables us to synthesize defective titanium oxide, which facilitates the effective decoration with Ag NPs. Silver-decorated Titanium Oxide (Ag/Titanium Oxide) NPs were synthesized via a photoreduction process, improving visible light response through surface plasmon resonance which introduces new energy levels near the conduction band.
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March 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
This paper addresses the synthesis, characterization, DNA binding, cleavage, and antiproliferative activity studies of a series of heteroleptic mononuclear copper(II) complexes [Cu(L)(bpy)](ClO), {1}; [Cu(L)(phen)](ClO), {2}; and [Cu(L)(Mephen)](ClO), {3} derived from different polypyridyl ligands, where in the complex architecture, one 2,6-bis(1-methyl-1-benzo[]imidazol-2-yl)pyridine(Mebzimpy) (L) moiety is connected to the central Cu metal in a tridentate fashion and the bidentate co-ligands are 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Mephen). All the synthesized complexes were characterized using various spectroscopic and analytical methods, along with the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) technique. The complexes crystallize in a penta-coordinated distorted square pyramidal geometry.
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